Substructure Finder

Get all substructures attached to a specified atom.

Introduction

Often we are interested in the finding substructures, e.g., ligands that are covalently bound to a metal center within an organometallic catalyst structure. Here, we need information about the molecular graph. This information is, however, not adequate enough to write out ligands or other substructures. Within the kallisto program we implemented a recursive way to deal with substructures that are covalently bound to a specified atom (termed as the center).

Define the Subcommand

> kallisto lig options arguments

Application

Let's dive directly into an example to extract substructures for the Iridium atom within an organometallic transition state structure describing the oxidative addition of pyridine (B3LYP-D3(BJ)/LACVP**/PBF(THF) level) with an Iridium catalyst as pioneered by Hartwig.

> cat iridium.xyz
96

N    -1.3672999   -1.4398999    0.1359000
C    -2.4911998   -0.6808999    0.1396000
C    -3.6534996   -1.1211999   -0.5090000
C    -3.6468996   -2.3434998   -1.1725999
C    -2.4848998   -3.1187997   -1.1555999
C    -1.3670999   -2.6316997   -0.4883000
H    -0.4373000   -3.1872997   -0.4306000
H    -2.4432998   -4.0866996   -1.6463998
H    -4.5575996   -0.5223999   -0.4887000
C    -2.4206998    0.5908999    0.8954999
N    -1.2879999    0.7903999    1.6181998
C    -1.1378999    1.9348998    2.3084998
C    -2.1077998    2.9319997    2.3219998
C    -3.2770997    2.7402997    1.5819998
C    -3.4330997    1.5600998    0.8608999
H    -4.3267996    1.4057999    0.2659000
H    -1.9411998    3.8419996    2.8913997
H    -0.1872000    2.0459998    2.8181997
Ir    0.4009000   -0.6061999    1.1172999
C    -1.2690999   -3.8143996    3.7856996
C    -0.1664000   -4.5494996    4.2269996
C     1.1218999   -4.0950996    3.9273996
C     1.2993999   -2.9384997    3.1675997
C     0.2001000   -2.2075998    2.6786997
C    -1.0849999   -2.6466997    3.0382997
H    -1.9573998   -2.0870998    2.7090997
H     0.8509999   -0.7173999    2.6636997
H     2.3007998   -2.5989997    2.9226997
H    -0.3087000   -5.4547995    4.8119995
B     0.6392999    0.6220999   -0.5923999
O    -0.0586000    0.3754000   -1.7751998
C     0.0637000    1.5387999   -2.6275997
C     0.0955000    1.0794999   -4.0821996
H     0.8716999    0.3276000   -4.2397996
H     0.2802000    1.9248998   -4.7547995
H    -0.8681999    0.6330999   -4.3491996
C    -1.1760999    2.4077998   -2.3666998
H    -1.2042999    3.2867997   -3.0193997
H    -2.0717998    1.8058998   -2.5499998
H    -1.2019999    2.7410997   -1.3247999
C     1.3891999    2.1923998   -2.1029998
O     1.3915999    1.7859998   -0.7128999
C     2.6481997    1.5975998   -2.7492997
H     2.6573997    0.5124000   -2.6283997
H     2.7186997    1.8556998   -3.8108996
H     3.5309997    1.9918998   -2.2375998
C     1.4299999    3.7172996   -2.1670998
H     0.6241999    4.1645996   -1.5814998
H     2.3812998    4.0763996   -1.7610998
H     1.3476999    4.0651996   -3.2032997
B     2.0756998    0.4378000    1.7666998
O     3.3654997   -0.0810000    1.8671998
C     4.2709996    1.0315999    2.0579998
C     5.4819995    0.5533999    2.8527997
H     5.1838995    0.0640000    3.7825996
H     6.0490994   -0.1689000    2.2567998
H     6.1442994    1.3928999    3.0939997
C     4.6909995    1.5017999    0.6583999
H     5.4398995    2.2997998    0.7063999
H     5.1090995    0.6483999    0.1171000
H     3.8181996    1.8505998    0.1015000
C     3.3502997    2.0656998    2.7942997
O     2.0458998    1.7442998    2.2507998
C     3.6590996    3.5300997    2.4959998
H     3.5358997    3.7464996    1.4332999
H     2.9753997    4.1760996    3.0565997
H     4.6847995    3.7776996    2.7930997
C     3.2796997    1.8273998    4.3083996
H     3.0708997    0.7747999    4.5225996
H     4.2123996    2.1093998    4.8080995
H     2.4671998    2.4302998    4.7258995
B     1.7917998   -1.7489998    0.1412000
O     1.8500998   -3.1467997    0.2110000
C     3.0569997   -3.5802997   -0.4612000
C     4.1632996   -3.6178996    0.6029999
H     4.3272996   -2.6173997    1.0149999
H     3.8420996   -4.2739996    1.4174999
H     5.1055995   -3.9992996    0.1957000
C     2.8261997   -4.9693995   -1.0466999
H     2.6792997   -5.6906994   -0.2364000
H     3.6907996   -5.2904995   -1.6389998
H     1.9392998   -4.9911995   -1.6839998
C     3.2640997   -2.4330998   -1.5048999
O     2.7238997   -1.2952999   -0.7998999
C     4.7166995   -2.1413998   -1.8718998
H     5.1881995   -3.0188997   -2.3293998
H     4.7565995   -1.3170999   -2.5912997
H     5.2941995   -1.8488998   -0.9925999
C     2.4197998   -2.6279997   -2.7728997
H     1.3752999   -2.8206997   -2.5121998
H     2.4501998   -1.7101998   -3.3667997
H     2.7924997   -3.4536997   -3.3878997
H    -2.2764998   -4.1481996    4.0262996
H     1.9905998   -4.6454995    4.2840996
H    -4.5414996   -2.6926997   -1.6821998
H    -4.0522996    3.5020997    1.5576998
# Search for substructures of the Iridium atom
> kallisto lig --center 18 iridium.xyz
Write out substructures for 18
Substructure 0: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 94, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 95, 16, 17]
Substructure 1: [10, 9, 1, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 94, 7, 6, 14, 13, 12, 11, 17, 16, 95, 15]
Substructure 2: [23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 24, 25, 92, 28, 93, 27]
Substructure 3: [26]
Substructure 4: [29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49]
Substructure 5: [50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70]
Substructure 6: [71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91]

We find the following substructures:

#

Substructure in complex

0

N-ligand

1

N-ligand

2

Pyridine

3

Hydrogen Atom

4

Bpin-ligand

5

Bpin-ligand

6

Bpin-ligand

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